Observational Study DesignsA clinical pediatric nurse has noticed a rise in childhood asthma diagnoses among the Hispanic

Observational Study Designs

A clinical pediatric nurse has noticed a rise in childhood asthma diagnoses among the Hispanic population served by the local clinic. The nurse is concerned about this increase in asthma incidence in the patient population and turns to the literature to explore current research on this topic. The nurse finds, through the reading, that there appears to be an association between parental smoking and childhood asthma and wonders if this could be the cause of the rise in cases.

This type of suspected association between a risk factor (exposure) and a particular outcome (childhood asthma) can be evaluated using an observational study design. A relevant case-control study would match a group of controls (no asthma) with the case group (asthma diagnosis). Both groups would then be assessed on certain historical exposures like (a) family history; (b) early childhood respiratory infections; (c) secondhand smoke exposure; (d) urban residence (ozone); and (e) obesity. Measures might include interviews, surveys, and medical records. If results show the case group has a higher rate of exposure to a given risk factor, the researcher may conclude that exposure results in greater odds of asthma.

In any epidemiological study, the design and methodology used should be appropriate for that study and for the research question. It is important for researchers to understand the strengths and limitations of each of the study designs and methods. This gives them a better chance of correctly interpreting results and synthesizing them for use in developing and implementing evidence-based population health programs. For this Discussion, you will explore the strengths and limitations of various types of observational study designs and critique their appropriateness for specific studies.

This type of suspected association between a risk factor (exposure) and a particular outcome (childhood asthma) can be evaluated using an observational study design. A relevant case-control study would match a group of controls (no asthma) with the case group (asthma diagnosis). Both groups would then be assessed on certain historical exposures like (a) family history; (b) early childhood respiratory infections; (c) secondhand smoke exposure; (d) urban residence (ozone); and (e) obesity. Measures might include interviews, surveys, and medical records. If results show the case group has a higher rate of exposure to a given risk factor, the researcher may conclude that exposure results in greater odds of asthma.

In any epidemiological study, the design and methodology used should be appropriate for that study and for the research question. It is important for researchers to understand the strengths and limitations of each of the study designs and methods. This gives them a better chance of correctly interpreting results and synthesizing them for use in developing and implementing evidence-based population health programs. For this Discussion, you will explore the strengths and limitations of various types of observational study designs and critique their appropriateness for specific studies.

Resources

Be sure to review the Learning Resources before completing this activity.
Click the weekly resources link to access the resources. 

 


WEEKLY RESOURCES

To prepare:

· Review the different types of observational study designs presented in the Learning Resources: ecologic, cross-sectional, case-control, and cohort.

· Carefully examine the characteristics, strengths, and limitations of each design.

· Consider when it is appropriate to use each of the observational study designs.

· Consider how using observational study designs can lead to improvements in population health.

· By Day 1 of this week, you should have received a communication from your Instructor assigning you to a small group to review two specific articles. Review the two articles your group was assigned, with a critical eye toward the researchers’ use of study design and their selected methods. Although several students will be assigned the same articles, this is NOT a group project; please submit your Discussion posts individually. You will then have the opportunity to discuss and share your thoughts with your colleagues.

BELOW IS THE GROUP ARTICLE. IM IN GROUP 4

Group 4

Palència, L., Ferrando J., Marí-Dell’Olmo, M., Gotsens, M., Morrison, J., Dzurova, D., Lustigova, M., Costa, C., Rodríguez-Sanz, M., Bosakova, L, Santana, P., & Borrell, C. (2020). 

Socio-economic inequalities on cancer mortality in nine European areas: The effect of the last economic recession


Links to an external site.


Cancer Epidemiology
69, Article 101827. 



Nguyen, L. H., Örtqvist, A. K., Cao, Y., Simon, T. G., Roelstraete, B., Song, M., Joshi, A. D., Staller, K., Chan, A. T., Khalili, H., Olén, O., & Ludvigsson, J. F. (2020). 

Antibiotic use and the development of inflammatory bowel disease: A national case-control study in Sweden


Links to an external site.


The Lancet. Gastroenterology & Hepatology
 (11), 986–995. 



image1.jpeg

Share This Post

Email
WhatsApp
Facebook
Twitter
LinkedIn
Pinterest
Reddit

Order a Similar Paper and get 15% Discount on your First Order

Related Questions

Purpose: The purpose of this assignment is to assess your ability to conduct a systematic and comprehensive head-to-toe physical assessment. This will

Purpose: The purpose of this assignment is to assess your ability to conduct a systematic and comprehensive head-to-toe physical assessment. This will help reinforce critical thinking, clinical reasoning, and documentation skills essential for nursing practice. By completing this assignment, you will demonstrate proficiency in assessing various body systems, identifying normal

COMPLETE USING DOCUMENT POSTED WITH ASSIGNMENTThumbnails/thumbnail.pngDetermining Anesthesia Service Payments and Modifiers As a new medical

COMPLETE USING DOCUMENT POSTED WITH ASSIGNMENT Thumbnails/thumbnail.png Determining Anesthesia Service Payments and Modifiers As a new medical coder for an Anesthesiologist group, it is important that you practice calculating service payments by assigning the appropriate anesthesia code(s) and modifier(s), as well as determining the base and time unit values, any

COMPLETE ALL QUESTIONSThumbnails/thumbnail.png1) The ICD-10-CM Official Guidelines for Coding and Reporting are approved by the FILL IN

COMPLETE ALL QUESTIONS Thumbnails/thumbnail.png 1) The ICD-10-CM Official Guidelines for Coding and Reporting are approved by the FILL IN BLANK  parties for ICD-10-CM to accompany and complement the official conventions and instructions provided within ICD-10-CM. 2) Official coding guidelines use the term FILL IN BLANK  when referring to face-to-face contact between patients and health

  Questions Discussion Board: Instructions Purpose: The purpose of this assignment is to familiarize you the complexity of quantitative statistical

  Questions Discussion Board: Instructions Purpose: The purpose of this assignment is to familiarize you the complexity of quantitative statistical analysis. Instructions: For this discussion, please complete the following: Review the assigned chapters in Polit and Beck (2017): i.e., chapters 18-20. Identify five different facts or pieces of information that